By Yasmina Saba
Autism is often misunderstood, misrepresented, and surrounded by myths that can do more harm than good. But behind the stereotypes are real people with unique strengths, challenges, and stories. In this post, we’re diving into the truths about autism — busting common myths, sharing facts grounded in research, and exploring practical support strategies that truly make a difference.
What is Autism?
Autism, or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), is a complex neurodevelopmental condition that affects how a person communicates, interacts with others, and experiences the world. It is called a spectrum because it presents differently in each individual, ranging from subtle challenges to significant support needs. Common characteristics include differences in social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication, and repetitive behaviors or restricted interests. Many autistic individuals also have unique strengths, such as exceptional memory, attention to detail, or creative thinking.
ASD typically appears in early childhood, though signs can sometimes go unrecognized until later in life. While there is no known single cause of autism, research suggests a combination of genetic and environmental factors contribute to its development. Early diagnosis and personalized support can make a meaningful difference in the quality of life, helping autistic individuals thrive in diverse settings.
Common Myths About Autism
One myth about autism is that it is a mental health disorder. The truth is that autism is a neurological disorder. Studies of people with autism have revealed abnormalities in brain structure and neurotransmitter levels. However, something often not spoken about is that those with developmental disabilities, such as autism, are twice as likely to have a concurrent mental health disorder as well.
Another common myth about autism is that it only affects boys. While it’s true that autism is diagnosed more frequently in males — with estimates suggesting a ratio of about four to one — this does not mean it is exclusive to boys. Autism can and does occur in people of all genders.
Research has shown that autistic girls are often underdiagnosed or diagnosed later in life. One reason is that girls may present differently: they are more likely to mask or camouflage their symptoms by mimicking social behaviors, making their challenges less visible to parents, teachers, and clinicians. Additionally, many of the diagnostic criteria for autism were developed primarily through research on boys, leading to a gender bias in how autism is recognized and assessed. As awareness grows, experts are working to better understand and identify how autism manifests in girls, aiming for earlier and more accurate diagnoses across the spectrum.
You may have heard or read the myth that people with autism are unable to form relationships. The reality is that even though social interactions might be different for those with autism, people with autism want to form relationships with friends, family members, and potential love interests. According to this study, even with the willingness to foster personal connections, those with autism are challenged with understanding and managing the social cues from potential friends and partners.
Support Autism Awareness & Acceptance
You have more than likely encountered somebody with autism; one in 36 children in America is diagnosed with autism. So that begs the question: How do we better understand and support those who have autism? Here are some things to keep in mind:
- Individuals with autism often thrive on a set routine. Routines help minimize anxiety due to the unknown, which helps provide people with autism a sense of security. In addition, depicting daily activities using pictures or symbols can help individuals anticipate the daily activities ahead of them.
- Provide space for stimming opportunities. Stimming includes repetitive movements like making noise, clapping, and jumping up and down. These are self-soothing and calming techniques people with autism use to help reduce distractions and anxiety. Fidget toys are great alternatives to help reduce loud stims.
- Speak in an even-toned voice and using language that the person with autism understands. If a person with autism is emotionally unregulated during a conversation, then it could be difficult for them to hear or understand what is being said. For example, suppose a negative emotion comes out during the conversation. In that case, the person with autism may focus on that emotion rather than the discussion point, which can trigger them to become frustrated and derail the conversation. Your words mustn’t be charged with emotions so that the person with autism can clearly understand and meet you where you need them to be.
It’s important to remember that no two people with autism are the same; the spectrum is wide and incredibly diverse. Avoid stereotypes because you never know someone’s journey or what they’ve overcome to get where they are. This blog offers a basic overview of autism and highlights some of the everyday experiences autistic individuals may face. We encourage you to continue learning, growing, and listening — not only to better understand autism as a disability but also to appreciate the unique strengths, challenges, and perspectives of the incredible people who live with it every day.
About the Author
Yasmina Saba is a dedicated marketing volunteer with UCP, bringing her passion for storytelling and community engagement to the team. With a background in communications, marketing and nonprofit outreach, she has experience in content creation, social media strategy and persuasive communication. As someone with cerebral palsy, she is deeply committed to accessibility, advocacy and independence. Through her contributions, Yasmina hopes to educate the UCP community about what it’s like living with a disability, foster connections with others facing similar challenges, and share valuable insights that empower and uplift. Beyond her volunteer work, Yasmina enjoys traveling, diamond painting and movies — creative outlets that inspire her.
